Part 3. The Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Control Program
3.1 ESD Program Governance
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) is the silent killer of yield. A discharge of <100V—too small for a...
3.2 The ESD Protected Area (EPA)
The EPA is not merely a room with a sign; it is a precisely engineered equipotential volume. Insi...
3.3 Flooring & Grounding Architecture
The floor is the primary electrical foundation of the EPA. It serves as the sole ground path for ...
3.4 Ionization & Insulator Control
Grounding straps and conductive floors have a fatal physical limitation: they only work on conduc...
3.5 ESD Compliance Verification & Auditing
Entropy guarantees that every ESD control system will eventually fail. Wrist straps fatigue, floo...