7.4 The ESD Protected Area (EPA)

Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) is the primary latent failure mechanism in modern electronics. Damage occurs at voltages below human perception (< 3000V). The ESD Protected Area (EPA) is a defined zone where all surfaces, people, and devices are kept at the same electrical potential (equipotential bonding).

7.4.1 EPA Boundaries & Signage

• Physical Demarcation: The EPA must be clearly visible via yellow/black aisle tape or physical barriers.
• Signage: "Attention: ESD Protected Area" signs must be posted at all entry points.
• The "3-Foot Rule": Static generating materials (regular plastic, Styrofoam cups, packing tape) are prohibited within 1 meter (3 feet) of any exposed PCBA.

7.4.2 Entry Protocols

• Mandatory Testing: No person (employee or visitor) may enter the EPA without passing a resistance test for footwear and wrist straps.
• Data Logging: Test results must be logged electronically. Failure to pass restricts door access (Smart Gate system).

Final Checklist