7.7 Solder Fume Extraction

Soldering processes generate colophony (rosin) particulates and gaseous byproducts, which are potent respiratory sensitizers (causes of occupational asthma). Effective Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) is a legal and health mandate.

7.7.1 Extraction Hierarchy

• Tip Extraction (High Vacuum): A small tube integrated directly onto the soldering iron. Pros: Captures fumes at the source. Cons: Can cool the tip; high maintenance.
• Arm/Cowling Extraction (Volume): Flexible arms positioned near the work. Mandate: The hood must be within 1.5x the duct diameter of the solder joint to be effective.
• Machine Extraction: Reflow ovens and Wave soldering machines must be ducted directly to the facility exhaust or heavy-duty filtration units.

7.7.2 Filtration Maintenance 

Recirculating units (which return air to the room) must use a multi-stage system:

• Pre-Filter: Captures large dust (Change Monthly).
• HEPA Filter: Captures particulates > 0.3 micron (Change every 6-12 months).
• Activated Carbon/Gas Filter: Adsorbs VOCs and odors (Change when saturation alarm triggers or smell is detected).

Final Checklist