Part 5. Quality, Change & Lifecycle
5.1 Engineering Change Management (ECM)
Uncontrolled variation is the primary driver of manufacturing failure. In an electronics manufact...
5.2 Deviations / Waivers / Concessions
Rigid adherence to specification is the baseline for quality, but manufacturing reality occasiona...
5.3 Customer Complaints → Containment → 8D/CAPA
Unresolved field failures degrade contract margins and invite liability claims. A complaint is no...
5.4 Quality Assurance & RMA
RMA (Return Material Authorization) is not a waste disposal channel; it is a forensic feedback lo...
5.5 End of Life (EOL) Management
EOL is a financial event, not just an operational stop. A poorly managed discontinuation results ...