8.9 Rework & Repair (IPC-7711/7721)

This standard distinguishes between "Rework" (process correction) and "Repair" (restoration).

8.9.1 Rework (No Permission Needed)

• Definition: Reprocessing a non-conforming article to make it conform to the original drawings.
• Examples: Re-flowing a cold solder joint, removing a solder bridge, replacing a tombstoned capacitor.
• Standard: The end result must be indistinguishable from a normal process output.

8.9.2 Repair (Customer Approval Mandatory)

• Definition: Processing a non-conforming article so it functions, even if it doesn't match the original drawing.
• Examples:
  • Trace Repair: Bridging a broken track with a wire.
  • Pad Repair: Gluing a lifted pad back to the FR4 using epoxy.
  • Jumper Wires: Adding a wire to correct a design bug.
• Control: Repairs must be documented on a "Deviation" or "Concession" form and signed by the customer.

Final Checklist